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Dear Fellows, I would like to highlight some issues which are common in work environment of Pakistan. Being engineers, we must think of good working environments and we should stand for our rights. We have PEC but it could not produce anything to support engineers in this regard. It is very unfortunate that there are labor unions, form-work contractors unions, truck and riksha driver unions, they stand together when there is any issue but engineers do not have any such union or collaboration. There are no proper HR , if there is any HR it is just to apply restrictions to employees but do not facilitate their rights. Proper agreements or offer letters to employees are not offered to blackmail(retain forcefully ) in most cases when employee want to leave. No benefits or very little (medical, insurance, old age) are given to the employees. No overtime, NO TA/DA for site visits, no bonuses. Salary payments not on time. No proper leave plans. Regards

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It generally depends upon soil bearing capacity & will be recommended by the geotech engineer in soil investigation report (SIR) of a particular site. In case of non-availability of SIR, even for some nearby site, IMHO foundation depth should not be less than about 3 ft. Regards.