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They both have their own position. If Pakistanis left these types of habits they could adopt better positions in Arab countries.

read any NILSON concrete design book 14th edition beam chapter.... Ofcourse there is minimum reinforcement ratio for every concrete member....you cannot put less than that..but you have to be sure that its also satisfying strength design! and serviceability too!

you cannot push a rope!

these two types are commonly known in civil engineering , and mostly one calls himself the superior to other. what is the truth and reality in this comparison ???

All info about International codes are available on www.iccsafe.org. Next time I will save the website of related post.

Trouble kicks in when Field Engrs try to become design engineers or vice versa!

It is an informative share but please quote the source too when you post something from the internet.

mean beam can be designed at minimum reinforcement ratio,thanx rana sab,what is the flexure resistance factor i know it but want to make its concept clear it confuses me.

yes you can design it provided that you atleast have min reinf! but should be less than maximum point to note here that max reinf ratios changes for single and doubly reinf beams In addition when you take reduced moment capacity based on phi factor...note that its not always equal to 0.9 it can be 0.85, 0.87 etc..depending upon strain compatibility according to ACI....from compression cold to tension controlled section!

kbhe kisi kamyabi ko dimagh me aur kbhe kisi nakami ko dil me jaga na do kiun k kamyabi dimagh me takabbur aur nakami dil me mayusi peda krti hai aur ye dono cheezain insan ki trakki ki rah me rukawat bnti hain!!!

Dear members, This is general topic. Please visit the following link to my structural engineering blog, i have recently made some layout changes and added ABOUT ME page, I need your suggestions. Is it oK? although the words and grammer needs to be corrected but this is the draft.. I will be happy to listen from you! thanks http://www.ranawaseem.com/p/about-me.html

TENSION or COMPRESSION; is the only way to resist load. Rest all is symbolic.

I just presented an explanation to the use of computing techniques if somebody has taken it the other way round then read my post again which support in favour of being faster in the present world by use of computing techniques rather then being slower with the manual calculations and why i said k duniya jeenay nhn daiti because a person with good computing techniques is more prefferable to any organization then a person with clear concepts a person with good GPA is far far better than the one trying to clear concepts for which i said k look behinf and see how many have we left behind and thanx for the reminder i forgot the language of the forum is english for which i appologise to moderators and others concerened