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its a chapter from a book about pile design. Good read. design-of-piled-foundation.pdf

@RANA sab thanx very much really i needed this answer, thank you very much for referring the book

Dear jammer! The angle theta you are talking about is the angle of bank of the backfill with the horizontal. But the question Waqar asked is about the angle of the face of the wall...such that there is additional wedge of soil Waqar, If the wall is inclined towards backfill, then there is passive earthpressure If wall is moving away from backfill then its called Active earthpressure. There are many theories...to calculate it...most famous are the one mentioned above by Baz You have to keep in mind about the notation of different angles Phi is the angle of internal friction of backfill....Tanget of which is the angle of repose of that material (approx.) angle of repose is the angle by which that material is retained..in stable form.. Delta (or theta according to jammer) is the angle of backfill bank with horizontal Many books and authors use sometimes different notations for each angle..so be careful Now i would recommend you a book called REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN 11th edition by REYNOLD Read its chapter about RETAINED MATERIAL...for you i have attached the snapshots for calculating the active and passive pressure

FOOTBALL world cup is going to be held in 2018 in RUSSIA and Qatar in both countries lot of work (new constructions and renovations)has been going on the infrastructure,roads, bridges, hotels and stadiums.there is lot of potential to take all level engineers (senior, junior, fresh),if you have a little know how of russian language you are offered even better jobs and with more chances.mostly turkish companies are working there and they prefer Pakistanies.so check and try that option

You should never model lean as its not a part of foundation system. It is similar to considering plaster on slabs acting as part of slab and contributing to strength of slab.

You will need to select code as well. There will be a default code selection, you can change to suit your requirements.

Well! codes we use are based on American culture. Surely they don't celebrate marriages as we do. Even if marriage hall has three or four floors, I have seen occasions in which 3/4 marriage ceremonies taking place at same time.