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Rana all the points that you mentioned are right just one suggestion that instead of cutting down the members its better to encourage them by sending emails or notifications that they should comment and take active part. As in many cases many people want to say something or even they know but they are shy to write that it might be wrong so what everyone will say ...so they just come read some usefull stuff and go away so by deleting such members i think it will be harsh as this forum means learning but still admin can take notice of your suggestions... Rest i must say good analysis a meaningful one....

Thank you Nustian371, sir loading is that of on the beam transverse to longitudinal bars as in usual case of any simple beam when there is no sufficent concrete around the bars i.e c/c spacing b/w two bars is not sufficent the stresses in bars will overlap and generate the cracks in concrete which would be in horizontal plane

Waqar your discussion seems very appealing but i have a query ,e.g what kind of loading will be in that case where horizontal splitting is occurring? Because that means you are pushing the bars from both sides is it like that?

two of them i know and i have are J.G. Macgragor and Macromic these are nice books and truely better than nilson

Good chat. I can give you a very good suggestion. Dont read Nilson. I am saying that because, everyone in Pakistan refers to Nilson. There are other text books far much better than nilson. Do your search.

I am too late to say eid mubarik to everyone but still i say that i hope you all had a wonderfull eid and ramadan...

who told you that concrete in beams has one mode of failure (you must have heard terms like crushing , compression, tension, shear, torsion and splitting of bond between concrete and rebar) and what rebars are you referring to. please explain. Your question is all over.