Leaderboard

Bo at the edge and corner is different moreover there are 2 more formulas if punching for corner and edge columns. If you consider this then see result

What are the restraints to circular walls? Is it open from top? The circular shape is it self restraining (hoop stresses). Outward and inward? Yes, if bowing action but you need to apply gradient temperature then in softwares. Sign will determine if it bows outwards or inwards. Which software you are talking about? Yes application of any load in any software and even in papers depends on the direction in which you want to apply. Yes 1.2 factor for T, but not all combinations. You need to find out logically where you will need to use 1.2T. I mean effects should not be counteracting.

I dont think code dictates that but yes common sense sure does. I wouldnt design foundation unless from some source I have the bearing capacity information. Even if it is preliminary design and you put a note that "the foundations have been designed assuming.....capacity", you should do some research of nearyby buildings. You cant just guess, i think.

For raft in ETABS or SAFE you will use area springs. You can assign springs by going to this menu Assign>Shell/Area>Area springs. You can also use point springs instead of area springs, but for that you have to multiply area spring stiffness value by the tributary area on that specific node that means if your mesh is not regular, you have to calculate point spring stiffness value for each spring