Hali,
The above reply is excellent. To make things more lucid, I will add the following to above answer.
Correct.
There are different ways. Certain Codes allow low/ non-seismic applications to reduce development length by As provided\ As required ratio (including ACI). Other options include mechanical anchors, assuming pin condition in analysis like Baz mentioned above and increasing the size of members.
Ldh is length up to hook. Don't add 12*Db.
Haha. You are doing great. These are good signs.
Here is tip. If you already don't have, get a copy of PCA Notes on ACI, and see examples in that document. It will clear up any ambiguity that you have and also it serves as good reference.
Thanks.