Waqar Saleem

Therefore O students study mathematics and do not build without foundations. - Leonardo Da Vinci

i read the topic in Nilson about two way slabs he says that the strips taken away from the centre strips they have torsion and bending and torsion decreases the bending in those strips which are away from centre?my question is how torsion decreases bending?

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in two way slab there is twisting moment along with bending moment, i need to clarify that how twisting moment decreases the bending moment ?i am sure that it decreases the bending moment but how ?

actually i was editing the ACI reference but my pc had no power suddenly :-) so sorry for that,thanx for reply Rana sab

why the minimum steel reinforcement ratio is greater than shrinkage/temperature reinforcement in slabs?ACI reference is 8.2.1.6,if suppose a lesser reinforcement required what is the reason to provide at least equal to shrinkage reinforcement?

Members are at rest in Ramadan sir @Rana

@RANA sab thanx very much really i needed this answer, thank you very much for referring the book

@jammer sir what is the permissible settlement for foundations for different cases?why lean converts into powder under load?(if no other cases chemical or non-standard materials)

@jammer @baz thanx both of you

i have doubt here that lean is converted into fine powder and place of lean is taken by foundation, it is right that is doesn't take any part in strength as its purpose is to keep the trenches safe from rain water and protecting foundation from soil, but if after a certain time it totally disappears into fine powder then there must be some reasonable settlement.

in the second fig the object is unstable when F is removed if F is applied continuously and depends on F, W and theta also it is the intermediate stage of fig one during the application of force and overturning,theta be greater than 45 degrees the object will not come back suppose object is in equilibrium and there is enough force F and you are able to set object in the condition it is and you can increase the force F gradually, making an equilibrium condition for the object in fig 2 and substituting theta slightly greater than 45 will give the overturning moment.

for the first figure in equilibrium equation the two moments will have different signs as F force is trying to revolve the object +CW and W weight is trying to satbilize that so it will be -CW,and O.T.M = F.h - W.b/2 the difference will be the over turning moment ...

@asad mean you need a readily cooked recipe to design a pile, best of luck bro

but sir mathematics of a force acting on a vertical face and a force acting on an inclined face wouldn't be different???i have an idea how it might be acting at inclined face rather we are considering it same as acting on vertical face i.e considering just like pressure at vertical face and then moveing the forces forward in the line of action of the forces towards inclined face, is that right?

thanx Rana sab!!!

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is it better substitute to tunnel and how efficient it is ??

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dua ki qabooliat me haram rizq sab se bari rakawat hai so please earn halal for yourself and family !!!

soil is the material with most unpredictable behaviour and without any strongly recommended reference it is not reasonable to increase the capacity , yes you are right!!!let the blame going to others typical approach

Hazrat Umer radi allah anho ne farmaya k Nabi e Kareem sallallah ho alai e wa sallam ne farmaya k rozadar ki aftar k wakt koi bhe dua rad nhe hoti (Ibne Maja, Ma'araf alhadith)